What is database sharding and when is it necessary.

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Anonymous · Accepted Answer

Database sharding is a technique of splitting a large database into smaller
databases called shards, where each shard stores a portion of the data. For
example, users can be distributed across shards based on userId. Sharding is
necessary when a single database can no longer handle the storage, read/write
traffic, or scalability requirements of the system. It allows horizontal scaling
by distributing data and load across multiple database servers. However, it adds
complexity such as cross-shard queries, transactions, and data rebalancing, so
it should generally be considered after optimization, caching, read replicas,
and vertical scaling.

What is database sharding and when is it necessary.

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